Demonstration

Citric acid vs. Hydrochloric acid Concentration and Conductivity

Reaction of potassium with water

Combustion of Propane

Different size tablets of Alka-Seltzer™ dissolved in water will neutralize different amounts of acid and base.

Voltaic Cell: Cu/Cu concentration cell

Electrolytic Cell: two copper electrodes in 1.0 M CuSO4(aq) are connected to a D.C. Power Supply. When current is applied to the electrolysis cell copper(II) ions are reduced to copper atoms at the cathode and copper atoms are oxidized to copper(II) ions at the anode. The time to plate the metal is recorded along with the current (amps).

Several ionic salts (calcium chloride, ammonium nitrate, potassium chloride, magnesiium sulfate, lithium chloride, anhydrous sodium acetae, anhydrous sodium carbonate) are dissolved in water in a calorimeter. A thermomters measures the intitial temperature of the water and the final temperature of the resultant solution. Dissolving ionic salts in water can be used to illustrate formation of Solutions, Enthalpy, Lattice Energy, etc.

A Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) is used to show the E°cell generated when a SHE is connected to a zinc or a copper half-cell.

The initial pH of an acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer solution is compared to the pH of deionized water. Universal indicator solutions is used to show the initial pH of both solutions are around 7.0. When small quantities of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide are added to each solution, the buffer solution resists the change in pH while the pH of water changes dramatically - decreases with the addition of a small amount of HCl(aq) or increases with the addition of a small amount of NaOH(aq).